![]() We retrieved a total of 514 articles from both databases and included 29 studies in this systematic review. Two independent reviewers screened the titles, abstracts, and full articles for the inclusion of studies. ![]() Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, and letters to the editor were excluded. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the reported clinical scores were used for risk stratifying ED chest pain patients. Our search was limited to articles published between 01 January 2012 and 25 September 2017. We conducted a search of the literature in online databases PubMed and Embase. This systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date summary of the latest studies on clinical scores for risk stratification of chest pain patients presenting to the ED. Over the years, many risk stratification tools have been developed, among which, the History, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Age, Risk factors, and initial Troponin (HEART), Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI), and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores are the most widely used. Therefore, it is crucial to stratify chest pain patients based on risk for development of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in order to provide effective care and prevent overutilization of resources. ![]() The etiology of chest pain can range from benign to life threatening causes. ![]()
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